理解主机名配置文件<hosts>（Node.js基础） | 快课星球

The hostname localhost can access services running on a local computer because it points to a special IP address representing the local device, which is 127.0.0.1 for IPv4.
For IPv6, the corresponding address is ::1.
One can use the ping command to test the localhost hostname and find it resolves to 127.0.0.1.
The resolution of the localhost hostname to its corresponding IP address is configured in a file called hosts.
On macOS, the hosts file is located at /etc/hosts, and on Windows, it can be found in C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc.
The hosts file includes records linking 127.0.0.1 and ::1 to localhost, indicating both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses for the local host.
Computers first check the hosts file for hostname records before querying DNS.
Editing the hosts file only affects the current computer and not other devices.

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